Electrical & Lighting components provide and control the flow of electrical energy throughout the vehicle, powering systems from starting and charging to safety and convenience features. These parts are located throughout the vehicle – within the engine compartment, chassis, body, and interior – and include wiring harnesses, connectors, sensors, switches, and control modules. Lighting components, encompassing bulbs, LEDs, and complete assemblies, provide visibility and signaling functions. Modern systems increasingly utilize digital signaling, pulse-width modulation, and bus communication for control and diagnostics. Key technical features include voltage, amperage, wattage, resistance, and specific communication protocols (CAN, LIN).