Drivetrain electronics encompass the sensors, actuators, and control modules governing automatic and manual transmission operation, as well as all-wheel and four-wheel drive systems. These components monitor parameters like engine speed, vehicle speed, throttle position, and temperature to optimize gear selection and torque distribution. Key features include electronically controlled solenoids for hydraulic actuation, rotational speed sensors for feedback, and increasingly sophisticated algorithms for shift quality and efficiency. Modern systems integrate with engine control units and vehicle stability control for coordinated performance. Components are typically located within the transmission housing, transfer case, or associated wiring harnesses throughout the vehicle.