Wheel studs are threaded fasteners connecting wheels to vehicle hubs, ensuring secure wheel mounting. These cylindrical components feature external threads for engagement with lug nuts and are typically press-fit or threadedly installed into the wheel hub assembly. Studs are used on both light and heavy-duty vehicles, with materials ranging from carbon steel to alloyed compositions for varied strength requirements. Variations include different lengths, diameters, and thread pitches to match specific vehicle applications. Proper torqueing of corresponding lug nuts against the stud is critical for wheel retention and safety.