Steering pumps are hydraulic pumps used in vehicles with power steering systems to convert mechanical energy into hydraulic pressure. Typically engine-driven via a belt, these pumps force steering fluid to the steering gear or rack-and-pinion assembly. Internal components, such as vanes, rotors, or gears, generate flow proportional to engine speed and driver input. Modern units often integrate a reservoir and may utilize variable displacement to optimize efficiency and steering feel. Failure modes commonly involve internal wear, fluid leakage, or bearing failure, resulting in diminished or absent power steering assist.