Turbocharger

Turbochargers are forced induction devices utilizing exhaust gas energy to compress intake air, increasing engine power and efficiency. Typically employed on gasoline and diesel engines, they consist of a turbine and compressor connected by a rotating shaft. Turbine housings are designed to efficiently extract energy from exhaust pulses, while compressor housings deliver pressurized air to the intake manifold. Modern turbochargers frequently incorporate variable geometry turbines (VGT) or wastegates to optimize performance across the engine’s operating range, and may utilize ball bearing or journal bearing designs for reduced friction. Intercooling is often paired with turbocharger systems to further enhance volumetric efficiency by reducing intake air temperature.