Connecting rods articulate between the piston and the crankshaft, translating reciprocating linear motion into rotary motion within the engine’s cylinders. These forged steel or aluminum alloy components withstand immense tensile, compressive, and bending forces during combustion. Critical features include a large end bore accommodating the crankshaft journal and a small end bushing or bearing accepting the piston pin. Balancing is a crucial manufacturing process to minimize vibration at high engine speeds. Connecting rod design varies by engine configuration and performance level, dictating material selection and construction methods.