Differential assemblies house and support pinion and ring gears, facilitating controlled rotational speed differences between driving wheels. Typically located on the drive axle, these units allow wheels to turn at varying speeds during cornering while maintaining drive torque. Key components include internal gears, bearings, seals, and housing, all calibrated for specific vehicle applications and gear ratios. Variations include open, limited-slip, locking, and electronic differentials, each altering torque distribution characteristics. Complete assemblies often include pre-installed bearings and seals for simplified installation. Proper lubrication with designated gear oil is critical for longevity and performance.